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Torvoneustes
''Torvoneustes'' is an extinct genus of metriorhynchid mesoeucrocodylian. It is known from a partial skull and some postcranial remains that have been found from the Kimmeridge Clay of Wiltshire, England. The skull was first to be found, and was initially assigned to the species ''Metriorhynchus superciliosus''. Postcranial remains were later discovered, and the material was then recognized as belonging to a new species of ''Dakosaurus'', ''D. carpenteri''. ''D. carpenteri'' was later reassigned to the genus ''Geosaurus'' in 2008. Two years later, it was assigned to its own genus, ''Torvoneustes''.
When ''T. carpenteri'' was considered a species of ''Dakosaurus'', its relatively long snout and smaller, more numerous teeth were thought to be features retained from more basal metriorhynchids. Because of this, the species was seen as a transitional form between long-snouted, piscivorous metriorhynchids and hypercarnivorous, short-snouted species of ''Dakosaurus''.
While ''Dakosaurus'' and ''Geosaurus'' have ziphodont dentitions with teeth that are laterally compressed, ''Torvoneustes'' is unique in having a false-ziphodont dentition. The common ancestor of ''Dakosaurus'' and ''Geosaurus'' may also have had a ziphodont dentition, and as ''Torvoneustes'' is also a descendant of this common ancestor, it is possible that a ziphodont dentition was secondarily lost in the genus. However, it is also possible that ''Dakosaurus'' and ''Geosaurus'' acquired similar dentitions independently, and that ''Torvoneustes'' is not descended from a ziphodont ancestor.〔
The species was named to honour Simon Carpenter, an amateur geologist from Frome in Somerset, who provided access to the fossil material.〔"(Amateur geologist's Jurassic discoveries go on display )", from the ''Evening Post'', Thursday, February 12, 2009, 15:45 〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Torvoneustes」の詳細全文を読む
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